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Kidney biopsy in patients with diabetes mellitus (typically type 2; T2DM) and CKD (proteinuria with or without reduced GFR) is often performed to evaluate the possibility of the presence of…
ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) preferentially affects an older population of adults. The use of potent immunosuppressive agents (such as cyclophosphamide [CYC] or rituximab [RTX]) for treatment might expose these older patients…
Obesity and its association with CKD is well described but prediction of the incident CKD from a description of obesity is understudied. As a modifiable risk factor such an analysis…
March 31, 2020
Fate of Sodium in Sodium Bicarbonate Infusions in Acid-Base Disorders – A New Analysis of Old Data
It is well known that the space of distribution of bicarbonate anion (HCO3–) following intravenous infusion of hypertonic sodium bicarbonate is independent of blood pH but is highly correlated with…
The adverse effects of iodinated contrast media (CM) on kidney function continues to be very controversial. It is likely that the effects of CM have been overstated in the past….
The information concerning the impact of primary membranous nephropathy (MN) on the mother and fetus in pregnancy is scanty. Liu et al. have at least partially filled this gap with…
The calculated plasma osmolality (Posm=2 X plasma [Na+] = serum urea nitrogen/ 2.8 + serum glucose/1.8) is higher in hemodialysis patients (averaging 307 ±9 mOsm/kg H20) compared to…
Several randomized and controlled studies have documented that “acute kidney injury” (defined by a rising level of serum creatinine) can accompany intensive blood pressure control regimens designed to achieve systolic…
Radio-contrast media volume may have an important influence on the risk of contrast-associated acute kidney injury (AKI). Zahler et al. have carried out a retrospective, observational (and uncontrolled) study to…
The mortality and occurrence of cardiovascular (CV) events appears to be similar between…
Typically, IgG deposition is scanty or absent (“pauci-immune”) in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) vasculitis but…
The optimal treatment strategy for induction of a remission in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated (ANCA) vasculitis with severe renal involvement is…
After many years of study, the long term outcomes of patients with congestive heart failure…
About 3.5 million African-Americans (A-A of West African ancestry) and some Hispanics possess two high alleles (G1 and/or G2) of apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1)…
Plasma volume (PV) assessment by clinical means (arterial or venous blood pressure, orthostasis, pulse rate, skin turgor, capillary refilling rate, etc.) is often insensitive and unreliable…
Endothelial injury and subclinical inflammation (“micro-inflammation”) are both quite common in CKD and their origins are numerous and diverse…
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) as currently defined is believed to be associated with an increased risk for a variety of adverse events, including shortened life expectancy,…
It is generally agreed that the magnitude and composition of proteins excreted in the urine has an important impact on the prognosis of chronic kidney disease…
Complications of pregnancy (e.g. hypertension, premature birth, intra-uterine growth retardation, urgent C-section, etc.) are generally believed to be associated…
The use of serum and/or urinary biomarkers for the prediction of the occurrence and/or severity of AKI among hospitalized (mostly Intensive Care Units; ICU) is of great and growing interest…
The microscopical anatomy of subjects with diabetes but exhibiting normal urinalyses and kidney function is largely unknown…
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney diseases (ADPKD) is generally regarded as a prototypical hereditary tubulo-interstitial kidney disease…
Control of pre-dialysis (and inter-dialysis) serum phosphorous levels (P) is regarded as a desirable, but challenging, goal in dialytic care of ESKD patients. The level of P in the serum…
The landmark SPRINT trial [1] of intensive vs standard anti-hypertensive therapy in older, non-diabetic subjects at a high-risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) demonstrated an overall clear-cut…
Both blood pressure control (with antihypertensive agents) and lowering low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels (with statins) are widely regarded as…
A decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and an increase in albuminuria are both recognized potential risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality (ACM) in both diabetic and…
In 2018 Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) updated its clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis, evaluation, prevention, and treatment of chronic kidney disease–mineral and bone disorders (CKD–MBD). Recommendations and…
January 31, 2019
The Impact of Albuminuria Regression of Morality and Cardiovascular Events in Type 2 Diabetes with Nephropathy
Overt albuminuria (Urine Albumin-to-Creatinine Ratio (UACR) > 300 mg/gm) is a well established biomarker for progression of CKD, all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus…
The “opioid epidemic” in the USA is widely reported in many media sources, but data concerning trends in opioid use among patients with specific diseases, other than cancer, is rather…
Patients with ESRD undergoing renal replacement therapy (averaging about 4 hours each) frequently complain of fatigue, sluggishness, weakness and other constitutional symptoms…