The treatment of membranous nephropathy (MN; PLA2R associated) has improved greatly in recent years, but uncertainties still exist concerning the treatment of such patients who have already advanced to stage…

Kidney fibrosis is one of the final common end-points of progressive CKD in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients. But very few studies have attempted to evaluate kidney fibrosis and its…

The therapy of secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPTH) in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) presenting with 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency is not well established. Three approaches are …

Persistent high-grade hematuria is associated with an adverse impact on prognosis in IgA Nephropathy (IgAN), independent of proteinuria according to retrospective observational studies…

The definition of chronic kidney disease (CKD) using estimated glomerular filtration (eGFR) equations (indexed to a standard body surface area [BSA] of 1.73 m2) has been recognized as…

Calcium deposition in the kidney parenchyma (using special stains such as the von Kossa stain), also known as dystrophic calcification, is a relatively common finding (about 10%) in native kidney…

Uromodulin (UMOD or Tamm-Horsfall Protein) is synthesized and secreted by the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle in the kidney. Mutations of the UMOD gene have been linked…

Accurate and reproducible prediction of the long-term (5–10 years) outcomes in individuals or groups of patients with biopsy-proven IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is a very desirable goal…..

Fibrillary glomerulonephritis (FGN) is a rare form of primary glomerular disease defined by the common co-deposition of IgG and DNAJB9 and fibril formation. Its etiology and pathogenesis are unknown…

Prediction of the long-term outcomes in individual patients with IgA nephropathy (IgAN) using pathological parameters has long been a “holy grail” in Nephrology….

The COVID-19 pandemic unleashed a new wave (indeed a torrent) of an old and well-recognized phenomenon; namely, the development of de novo or an exacerbation of underlying kidney disease in…

Anti-GBM disease poses a serious threat to survival and preservation of kidney function, especially if it is discovered or treated late in its evolution. It is a rare disease…

Various definitions of acute kidney injury (AKI) are in common use, globally. But comparisons of the utility of these definitions for AKI following cardiac surgery have come to….

The optimum dosage and preparation of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors (RASi) for slowing the progression of progressive proteinuric CKD remains somewhat uncertain,..

The comparative effectiveness of various modalities of dialysis in patients with kidney failure has long been controversial, in large part due to the paucity of long-term randomized clinical trials….

Sodium balance in patients with kidney failure treated by dialysis is highly variable and incompletely understood, in pathophysiological terms. Sodium excess is linked both to hypertension and…

Disorders of mitochondria (MT), often due to mutations of the MT genome, are uncommon and usually present in infancy or childhood. The kidney aspects of these disorders are quite varied….

Primary membranous nephropathy (pMN) (that form not associated with systemic disease, like SLE) can occasionally present with or develop super-imposed crescentic glomerulonephritis (GN)…

Individualized (precision) therapy of ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) is a goal that will likely improve long-term outcomes of this very pathogenically heterogenous and clinically variable disorder….

It is well known that IgA nephropathy (IgAN) in a recipient of a kidney allograft (or isograft) has high propensity to redevelop in the kidney graft. This recurrence is believed…

Living related or unrelated (altruistic) donor kidney transplantation is practically universally applied as an option for therapy of kidney failure, often as a preemptive procedure to avoid the need for…

Low urinary creatinine excretion (hypocreatininuria) and low serum creatinine are often observed in euvolemic hyponatremia (due to the syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuretic hormone release;…

Patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (GN) often have underlying immunological abnormalities that can be further altered by concomitant immunosuppressive (IS) therapy…

The lesion of FSGS can be due to many quite different pathogenic mechanisms. Sorting out the correct disease diagnosis can be a difficult challenge in individual cases and requires a…

Laboratory testing for anti-GBM antibodies has been available (for research or clinical care) for many decades. Yet standardization across laboratories is virtually non-existent and uncertainty remains…

Protein-bound uremic solutes are very inefficiently removed by standard dialytic techniques. Adding adsorption or displacement measures might…

A beneficial role for the use of infusions of human serum albumin (iso-oncotic [4%] or hyper-oncotic [20%]) during the management of acute kinder injury (AKI) with continuous renal replacement therapy…

The role and value of novel serum and/or urinary biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of lupus nephritis continues to be highly uncertain….

A recurrence of the original disease that affected the native kidney in the allografts (or isografts) of patients undergoing kidney transplantation is a common problem that has a significant impact…

Little doubt exists that a variable fraction of patients with acute kidney injury (AKI; defined by the creatinine-based KDIGO criteria) can eventually develop new-onset…